Symbiosis/Attributions

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Watson, R. A. and Pollack, J. B. (1999), 'How Symbiosis Can Guide Evolution', Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Advances in Artificial Life (ECAL 1999). Available in The University of Southampton eprints Open Access Repository

Luciani, F., Alizon, S. (2009), 'The Evolutionary Dynamics of a Rapidly Mutating Virus within and between Hosts: The Case of Hepatitis C Virus', PLoS Comput Biol 5(11): e1000565. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000565. Available here. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Milius, S. (2010), 'Green Sea Slug Is Part Animal, Part Plant', Wired Science Available here. Wired.com © 2010 Condé Nast Digital. All rights reserved. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast Digital.

Xu, J., Mahowald, M.A., Ley, R.E., Lozupone, C.A., Hamady, M., et al. (2007) 'Evolution of Symbiotic Bacteria in the Distal Human Intestine', PLoS Biol 5(7): e156. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050156 Available here This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Wernegreen J.J. (2004), 'Endosymbiosis: Lessons in Conflict Resolution', PLoS Biol 2(3): e68. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020068 Available here Copyright: © 2004 Jennifer J. Wernegreen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Margulis, L. (1991), 'Symbiogenesis and Symbionticism' in: René Fester (ed) Symbiosis as a source of evolutionary innovation: speciation and morphogenesis. MIT Press. © 1991 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Copyrighted but available in Google Books.

Wallin, I.E. (1927), Symbionticism and the origin of species. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Company. Available here. The work is in the public domain. You can duplicate, build upon, and distribute it without permission from the right-holder.

Capra, F. (1982), 'The Systems View of Life', chapter in The Turning Point: Science, Society, and the Rising Culture. New York: Simon and Schuster. © 1982 Simon and Schuster. Copyrighted but available here.

Mieog, J.C., Olsen, J.L., Berkelmans, R., Bleuler-Martinez, S.A., Willis, B.L., et al. (2009), 'The Roles and Interactions of Symbiont, Host and Environment in Defining Coral Fitness', PLoS ONE 4(7): e6364. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006364. Available here Copyright: © 2009 Mieog et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Toft, C., Williams, T.A., Fares, M.A. (2009), 'Genome-Wide Functional Divergence after the Symbiosis of Proteobacteria with Insects Unraveled through a Novel Computational Approach', PLoS Comput Biol 5(4): e1000344. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000344. Available here. Copyright: © 2009 Toft et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Fuller, M. (2005), 'Introduction', chapter in Media Ecologies: Materialist Energies in Art and Technoculture. MIT Press © 2005 Matthew Fuller. Copyrighted but Sample Chapter available from MIT Press here

Licklider, J.C.R. (1960), 'Man-Computer Symbiosis', IRE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics, volume HFE-1, pages 4-11, March 1960. ©IRE (now IEEE) 1960. Copyrighted but available here.

Schalk, G. (2008), 'Brain Computer Symbiosis', J Neural Eng. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 August 6. Published in final edited form as: J Neural Eng. 2008 March; 5(1): P1–P15. Published online 2008 January 17. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/5/1/P01. © 2008 Gerwin Schalk. Copyrighted Authors Manuscript available in PubMedCentral.

Scharper, S.B. (1997), 'The Gaia Hypothesis. The world as a living organism', chapter in Redeeming the Time: A Political Theology of the Environment New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group Inc. © 1997 Stephen Bede Schaper. Copyrighted but available in Google Books

Moriarty, D.E. and Miikkulainen, R. (1997) 'Forming Neural Networks Through Efficient and Adaptive Coevolution', Evolutionary Computation Winter 1997, Vol. 5, No. 4, Pages 373-399 doi:10.1162/evco.1997.5.4.373. © 1997 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Copyrighted but available here.

Dr. Norman L. Johnson Symbiotic Intelligence and the Internet: A Deeper Overview

Anant Bhan, Peter A Singer, and Abdallah S Daar Human-animal chimeras for vaccine development: an endangered species or opportunity for the developing world?

Susan Schuppli Of Mice Moths and Men Machines

Jussi Parikka Digital Monsters, Binary Aliens – Computer Viruses, Capitalism and the Flow of Information

Kevin Warwick Brain computer interface control via functional connectivity dynamics

Justin C. Sanchez, Babak Mahmoudi, Jack DiGiovanna, Jose C. Principe Exploiting co-adaptation for the design of symbiotic neuroprosthetic assistants

Mitchell Whitelaw Andy Gracie: Symbiotic Circuits

Melinda Rackham Carrier becoming symborg